Starting your first job as a fresher can feel overwhelming, especially when stepping into the corporate world with its unique workplace rules and regulations. Each organization has its own set of employee rights guidelines for freshers, which could be outlined in employment contracts, formal policies, or ingrained within its culture.
The transition from college to a professional environment can be challenging, as adapting to these norms takes time. However, understanding workplace expectations early can ease this adjustment and help you become a valuable team member.
Equally important is knowing your rights and thoroughly reviewing your employment contract. Overlooking details could lead to issues such as lengthy notice periods or restrictive non-compete clauses that might limit future opportunities. Taking time to understand your contract will help you avoid potential challenges and ensure a smooth career start.
This blog will highlight key employee rights and workplace rules freshers should know, equipping you to confidently navigate your first job.
What is an Employment Contract?
An employment contract is a legally binding contract between an employer and an employee. This outlines the terms and conditions of the employment relationship during the onboarding process. The agreement typically includes details such as the job duties and responsibilities, working hours, salary and benefits, and any regulations on the employee’s behavior or use of confidential information. The contract may also include provisions related to annual leave, termination of employment, and other important terms.
The contract is used to establish a clear understanding between the employer and employee and to protect the interests of both parties. Hence, it’s crucial that you carefully examine the employment contract before you sign up for your new job. The contract is signed for various types of employment, including full-time, part-time, and fixed-term employment. In some cases, employers use a letter of intent for employment as a preliminary document, followed by a more detailed employment agreement for the employee.
Read and understand your employment contract to know the specific policies and expectations at your workplace. While paying attention to the set of rules and expectations in the specific policies and procedures that apply to your job, stay vigilant and make sure the policies don’t violate your rights as an employee as per the Indian Employment Laws.
7 Key Employee Rights All freshers should know
Entering the workforce as a fresher requires understanding your rights as an employee. In India, private sector employees are safeguarded by labor laws such as the Equal Remuneration Act, Payment of Bonus Act, Employees’ Provident Fund and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, Employees’ State Insurance Act, and the Maternity Benefit Act.
These laws ensure access to fair wages, safe workplaces, reasonable working hours, and various employee benefits. Additionally, employment contracts outline specific terms, offering further protection based on the role and organization. Below are some crucial employee rights that all freshers in the private sector should be aware of:
1. Protection Against Workplace Discrimination
The Indian Constitution guarantees equality, and Article 16(2) prohibits employment discrimination based on religion, caste, gender, race, descent, or place of birth. Special provisions also protect marginalized groups, including transgender individuals, people with disabilities, and those living with HIV. For example, the Maternity Benefit Act provides paid leave to employees who give birth, promoting inclusivity and equity in workplaces.
2. Employee Provident Fund (EPF)
The EPF is a retirement savings plan for employees in organizations with more than 20 workers. Employers and employees donate a percentage of the employee’s salary to this fund, which earns interest and offers tax exemptions. While it serves as a retirement plan, employees can withdraw funds during emergencies under specific conditions. Employees with a basic salary above ₹15,000 can choose to opt out of the scheme but lose associated benefits like employer contributions and tax exemptions. If an employer defaults on EPF contributions, employees can escalate the issue to the Provident Fund Appellate Tribunal.
3. Fair Wages and Bonuses
Fair compensation is a fundamental right. Article 39(d) of the Indian Constitution ensures equal pay for equal work. Laws like the Equal Remuneration Act and the Payment of Wages Act mandate timely and fair payment to employees. Employers must adhere to minimum wage regulations, and any violation can be reported to the Labour Commissioner or addressed through legal action.
4. Reasonable Working Hours and Overtime
Indian labor laws, including the Factories Act and state-specific Shop and Establishment Acts, regulate working hours and overtime. Employees must have a good work life balance. They cannot work more than 9 hours daily or 48 hours weekly. Overtime is compensated at double the regular wages. Female employees can work between 6 AM and 7 PM, extendable to 9:30 PM with safety measures. Workers are also entitled to weekly holidays, breaks, and a maximum of 12 working hours per day.
5. Paid Leaves and Holidays
Acts like the Factories Act and Shops and Establishments Act outline leave entitlements, including paid holidays, casual leave, sick leave, and annual leave. Leave policies vary by state and must align with the relevant labor regulations. Employers must ensure compliance by offering leave benefits as per the governing state law.
6. Prevention of Workplace Sexual Harassment
The POSH Act of 2013 protects women from sexual harassment in the workplace, covering behaviors such as unwelcome physical contact, sexual advances, or verbal remarks. Organizations with 10 or more employees must establish an Internal Committee (IC) to address complaints, spread awareness, and ensure fair investigations. The IC must include a senior female employee as the Presiding Officer, two employee members, and an external expert. Sexual harassment is a punishable offense under the Indian Penal Code, involving imprisonment and fines.
7. Right to Unionization and Representation
In India, the Indian Trade Unions Act of 1926 grants employees the right to form or join trade unions for collective bargaining and representation. Though not mandatory, trade unions help address workers’ concerns, negotiate better wages, and improve working conditions. Employees are protected by law to join or form unions without facing discrimination. Unionized workers have better avenues to advocate for their rights and ensure fair treatment at the workplace.
By understanding these essential employee rights, freshers can confidently transition into their professional lives, safeguard their rights, and thrive in the workplace.
Workplace Rules Freshers Must Know
Discipline, punctuality, and attention to detail are some things that are expected at the job in any field. However, enterprises can have additional sets of expectations regarding what is appropriate behavior for people at work, depending on the work- culture. From your attire to your body language, all is included in your expression of professionalism.
By being informed and proactive, you can make informed decisions about your career and navigate the complexities of the employment relationship with confidence.
- Attendance and punctuality: Most workplaces expect employees to be punctual and present for their scheduled shifts. If you need to be absent or late, it’s important to inform your supervisor in advance.
- Dress code: Many workplaces have a dress code that outlines what is and isn’t appropriate to wear to work. It’s important to follow the dress code to maintain a professional appearance and fit in with the company culture.
- Confidentiality: It’s important to respect the confidentiality of your workplace, whether it’s about company information, client information, or the personal information of your colleagues.
- Health and safety: Employers have a responsibility to provide a safe and healthy work environment. Make sure you’re familiar with any health and safety policies and procedures, and report any concerns you may have.
- Use of company resources: Most workplaces have policies regarding the use of company resources, such as computers, phones, and office supplies. Make sure you understand how to use these resources appropriately and responsibly.
- Communication: Good communication is essential in any workplace. Make sure you understand how to communicate effectively with your colleagues and supervisor and be open to feedback.
Empower Yourself with Knowledge of Workplace Rights
Transitioning from college to the workforce can be overwhelming, as it takes time to adapt to workplace norms and expectations. However, understanding these rules early on can help you avoid unnecessary challenges and make the process smoother. If you feel nervous about starting your first corporate job, remember that you’re not alone.
By familiarizing yourself with workplace rights and guidelines, you can approach this new chapter with confidence. Staying proactive in learning the expectations of your role will set you on the path to becoming a successful professional and a valued team player in your organization.
